Sum, terms, product and factors

Numbers: Integers

Sum, terms, product and factors

Addition and subtraction

Addition and subtraction are considered prerequisite knowledge for this chapter.

\[\begin{array}{ll}
2+3=5 \qqqquad&5-3=2\\
25+8 = 33 &33-8=25
\end{array}\]

An addition is also called a sum.
The sum of #2# and #3# is #2+3=5#.
The numbers #2# and #3# are called the terms of the sum.

Subtraction can also be considered a sum, since #5-3 = 5+-3#.
Here, the terms are #5# and #-3#.
A subtraction can also be called a difference.
In that case #5-3# is the difference of the terms #5# and #3#.

Multiplication and division

We also consider multiplication and division as prerequisite knowledge in this chapter:

\[\begin{array}{ll}
2 \times 2 =4 \qqqquad&4 \div 2=2\\
3 \times 8 =24 &24 \div 3=8
\end{array}\]

A multiplication is also called a product.
The product of #3# and #8# is #3\times 8=24.#
The numbers #3# and #8# are called the factors of the product.
The product #3\times 8# means #8+8+8#.

When we discuss fractions, we will learn that division can also be seen as a product.
We can write #4 \div 2# as #4 \times \tfrac12#.
Here, #4# and #\tfrac12# are the factors.
A division is also called a quotient.

Give the terms of the sum: \[5+20\]

The terms of #5+20# are:
\[5 \text{ and } 20\]

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